sa­qar­T­ve­los par­la­men­tis dad­ge­ni­le­ba af­xa­ze­Tis av­to­no­mi­ur res­pub­li­ka­Si apar­te­i­du­li da ra­sis­tu­li sa­ka­non­m­deb­lo praq­ti­kis Se­sa­xeb

af­xa­zi se­pa­ra­tis­te­bi, maT­Tan ali­an­s­Si myo­fi ga­re­Se re­aq­ci­u­li Za­le­bi da da­qi­ra­ve­bu­le­bi, rom­le­bic af­xa­ze­Tis re­gi­on­Si Za­la­do­biT da­e­uf­l­nen su­ve­re­nu­li sa­qar­T­ve­los te­ri­to­ri­as, ci­vi­li­ze­bu­li msof­li­os Tval­win ag­r­Ze­le­ben Ta­na­med­ro­ve­o­bi­saT­vis up­re­ce­den­to eT­ni­kur wmen­das, mSvi­do­bi­a­ni qar­T­ve­li mo­sax­le­o­bis Jle­tas. grZel­de­ba asi­a­Ta­so­biT ada­mi­a­nis ltol­vi­le­bad da xiz­ne­bad ga­daq­ce­vis pro­ce­si, xor­ci­el­de­ba ge­no­ci­dis srul­mas­S­ta­bi­a­ni po­li­ti­ka.

xel­yo­fi­lia sa­er­Ta­So­ri­so sa­mar­T­lis prin­ci­pe­bi, sa­qar­T­ve­los ka­non­m­deb­lo­ba, ada­mi­a­nis uf­le­ba­Ta sa­yo­vel­Ta­od aRi­a­re­bu­li ele­men­ta­ru­li nor­me­bi.

aR­niS­nu­li tra­gi­ku­li Se­de­ge­bi mniS­v­ne­lov­nad ga­na­pi­ro­ba af­xa­ze­Tis assr umaR­le­si sab­Wos po­li­ti­kam sa­ka­non­m­deb­lo saq­mi­a­no­bis xa­ziT. xe­li­suf­le­bis es or­ga­no, ro­me­lic mo­wo­de­bu­li iyo Ta­nab­rad da­ec­va av­to­no­mi­u­ri res­pub­li­ka­Si mcxov­re­bi yve­la eris in­te­re­se­bi, faq­tob­ri­vad af­xa­zu­ri fa­Siz­mis iu­ri­di­ul in­s­t­ru­men­tad, apar­te­i­dis, ra­siz­mi­sa da ge­no­ci­dis po­li­ti­kur ber­ke­tad ga­da­iq­ca.

am um­Zi­mes mov­le­nebs sa­mar­T­leb­ri­vi biZ­gi mis­ca af­xa­ze­Tis assr 1991 wlis 9 iv­li­sis ka­non­ma “af­xa­ze­Tis assr umaR­le­si sab­Wos de­pu­tat­Ta ar­Cev­ne­bis Se­sa­xeb~ (1991 wlis 27 ag­vis­tos cvli­le­be­biT).

aR­niS­nu­li ka­no­ni af­xa­zi erov­ne­bis war­mo­mad­gen­lebs, rom­le­bic av­to­no­mi­u­ri res­pub­li­kis mo­sax­le­o­bis mxo­lod 18 pro­cents Se­ad­ge­nen, sxva ereb­Tan Se­da­re­biT sa­par­la­men­to um­rav­le­so­bis ga­ran­ti­as aZ­lev­da _ 28 ad­gils, mkvidr qar­T­ve­lebs _ mo­sax­le­o­bis 47,6 pro­cents _ 26 ad­gils, xo­lo da­nar­Cen erov­nul um­ci­re­so­bas _ 11 ad­gils.

sa­ar­Cev­no ka­no­nis mi­Ti­Te­bu­li nor­ma aS­ka­rad ewi­na­aR­m­de­ge­ba “ada­mi­a­nis uf­le­ba­Ta sa­yo­vel­Tao dek­la­ra­ci­is~ (1948 w.) me-2, me-7 da 21-e mux­le­bis, “sa­mo­qa­la­qo da po­li­ti­ku­ri uf­le­be­bis Se­sa­xeb~ sa­er­Ta­So­ri­so paq­tis (1966 w.) me-2, 25-e da 26-e mux­le­bis da sxva sa­er­Ta­So­ri­so sa­mar­T­leb­ri­vi do­ku­men­te­biT gaT­va­lis­wi­ne­bul moT­xov­nebs, rom­le­bic gan­saz­R­v­ra­ven ka­no­nis wi­na­Se yve­la ada­mi­a­nis Ta­nas­wo­ro­bas, uf­le­ba­Ta da Ta­vi­suf­le­ba­Ta Ta­na­bar­f­lo­bas, sa­yo­vel­Tao da Ta­nas­wo­ri sa­ar­Cev­no uf­le­bis sa­fuZ­vel­ze ar­Cev­neb­Si da sa­xel­m­wi­fos mar­T­va­Si ada­mi­a­nis mo­na­wi­le­o­bis Se­saZ­leb­lo­bas mi­si erov­nu­li kuT­v­ni­le­bis da sxva niS­ne­bis mi­u­xe­da­vad.

erov­nu­li niS­nis mi­xed­viT ada­mi­a­nis po­li­ti­kur uf­le­ba­Ta Sez­Rud­vis da­we­se­bam up­re­ce­den­to dis­k­ri­mi­na­ci­ul mdgo­ma­re­o­ba­Si Ca­a­ye­na af­xa­zeT­Si mcxov­re­bi mkvid­ri qar­T­ve­li mo­sax­le­o­ba, ro­me­lic mo­sax­le­o­bis TiT­q­mis na­xe­vars Se­ad­gens, ag­reT­ve ru­se­bi, som­xe­bi, ber­Z­ne­bi da sxva erov­nu­li um­ci­re­so­ba­ni da ra­sob­ri­vi dis­k­ri­mi­na­ci­is for­ma mi­i­Ro.

“ra­sob­ri­vi dis­k­ri­mi­na­ci­is yve­la for­mis lik­vi­da­ci­is Se­sa­xeb~ 1966 wlis 7 mar­tis sa­er­Ta­So­ri­so kon­ven­ci­is pir­ve­li mux­li “ra­sob­riv dis­k­ri­mi­na­ci­ad~ mi­iC­nevs ne­bis­mi­er gan­s­x­va­ve­bas, ga­mo­nak­liss, Sez­Rud­vas an upi­ra­te­so­bas ra­sis, ka­nis fe­ris, war­mo­So­bis, erov­nu­li an eT­ni­ku­ri niS­nis mi­xed­viT, ro­mel­Ta mi­za­nia po­li­ti­ku­ri, eko­no­mi­ku­ri, so­ci­a­lu­ri, kul­tu­ru­li an sa­zo­ga­do­eb­ri­vi cxov­re­bis sxva ne­bis­mi­er sfe­ro­Si Ta­nas­wo­ro­bis sa­fuZ­vel­ze ada­mi­a­nis Zi­ri­Ta­di uf­le­be­bi­sa da Ta­vi­suf­le­be­bis aRi­a­re­bis, ga­mo­ye­ne­bi­sa da gan­xor­ci­e­le­bis ga­uq­me­ba an Se­lax­va.

uf­ro me­ti, an­ti­qar­Tu­li, an­ti­sa­xel­m­wi­fo­eb­ri­vi po­li­ti­kis ga­ta­re­ba miz­nob­ri­vad gan­xor­ci­el­da TviT af­xa­ze­Tis kon­s­ti­tu­ci­is uxe­Si dar­R­ve­vis gzi­Tac. kon­s­ti­tu­ci­iT af­xa­ze­Tis sa­mar­T­leb­ri­vi sta­tu­sis sa­kiT­xeb­ze ka­no­ne­bi­sa da sxva aq­te­bis mi­Re­ba av­to­no­mi­u­ri res­pub­li­kis kon­s­ti­tu­ci­a­Si cvli­le­beb­Tan da­kav­Si­re­bul sa­kiT­xeb­ze, re­fe­ren­du­mis Ca­ta­re­bis da umaR­le­si Ta­nam­de­bo­bis pi­re­bis, ag­reT­ve Se­sa­ba­mi­si or­ga­no­e­bis ar­Ce­vis Tu da­niS­v­nis Se­sa­xeb ga­daw­y­ve­ti­le­be­bis mi­Re­ba un­da gan­xor­ci­e­le­bu­li­yo af­xa­ze­Tis assr umaR­le­si sab­Wos de­pu­tat­Ta xme­bis sa­er­To ra­o­de­no­bis ori me­sa­me­diT.

mi­u­xe­da­vad ami­sa, af­xa­ze­Tis assr xel­m­Z­R­va­ne­lo­bam af­xa­ze­Tis sa­xel­m­wi­fo su­ve­re­ni­te­tis Se­sa­xeb uka­no­nod ga­moc­xa­de­bu­li dek­la­ra­ci­is moS­ve­li­e­biT Tan­mim­dev­ru­lad da­iw­yo sa­ka­non­m­deb­lo da or­ga­ni­za­ci­u­li Ro­nis­Zi­e­be­bis ga­ta­re­ba, ro­mel­Ta sa­bo­loo mi­za­ni iyo sa­qar­T­ve­los te­ri­to­ri­u­li mTli­a­no­bis dar­R­ve­va da af­xa­ze­Tis sa­qar­T­ve­los Se­mad­gen­lo­bi­dan gas­v­la.

se­pa­ra­tis­tul­ma po­li­ti­kam da an­ti­kon­s­ti­tu­ci­ur­ma moq­me­de­bam qar­T­ve­li de­pu­ta­te­bi, ase­ve erov­nul um­ci­re­so­ba­Ta de­pu­ta­te­bis na­wi­li ai­Zu­la da­e­to­ve­bi­naT par­la­men­ti. amis Se­de­gad av­to­no­mi­u­ri res­pub­li­kis xe­li­suf­le­bis umaR­le­si or­ga­no _ umaR­le­si sab­Wo da mi­si pre­zi­di­u­mi mo­no­eT­ni­kur for­mi­re­be­bad ga­da­iq­c­nen.

pre­zi­di­u­mi, rom­lis wev­r­Ta um­rav­le­so­bas Se­ad­gen­d­nen af­xa­ze­bi, av­to­no­mi­u­ri res­pub­li­kis kon­s­ti­tu­ci­is 103-e mux­lis dar­R­ve­viT axor­ci­e­leb­da faq­tob­riv sa­ka­non­m­deb­lo saq­mi­a­no­bas, ris uf­le­bac mas ar hqon­da.

ma­ga­li­Tad, pre­zi­di­u­mis dad­ge­ni­le­biT 1991/92 wleb­Si mi­i­Res nor­ma­ti­u­li aq­te­bi, rom­li­­Tac sa­qar­T­ve­los res­pub­li­kis mTe­li ri­gi ka­no­ne­bi af­xa­ze­Tis te­ri­to­ri­a­ze ga­moc­xa­de­bul iq­­na iu­ri­di­u­li Za­lis ar­m­qo­ned. ase­Ti­ve an­ti­kon­s­ti­tu­ci­u­ri we­siT Se­iq­m­na af­xa­ze­Tis e.w. sa­ba­­Jo sam­sa­xu­ri, pro­ku­ra­tu­ra da Si­na­gan saq­me­Ta sa­mi­nis­t­ro ki af­xa­ze­Tis iu­ris­diq­ci­as da­eq­vem­­de­ba­ra. pre­zi­di­um­ma Ta­vis xel­Si ai­Ro sa­kad­ro sa­kiT­xe­bis ga­daw­y­ve­tac, Se­mo­i­Res af­xa­ze­Tis te­ri­to­ri­a­ze mo­qa­la­qe­Ta Ca­we­ris dro­e­bi­Ti ak­r­Zal­vis nor­me­bi, uf­ro me­tic, da­wes­da sa­ba­­Jo saz­R­va­ri da ga­ni­saz­R­v­ra sam­sa­xu­reb­riv saq­me­eb­ze af­xa­ze­Tis res­pub­li­ki­dan saz­R­var­ga­reT mo­qa­la­qe­Ta gas­v­lis we­si. kon­f­liq­tis ga­Ca­Re­ba­Si den­Tis ro­li Se­as­ru­la pre­zi­di­u­mi­sa da ­pi­ra­dad mi­si Tav­m­j­do­ma­ris uSu­a­lo daq­vem­de­ba­re­ba­Si uka­no­no Se­i­a­ra­Re­bu­li na­wi­le­bis Seq­m­nam.

mo­ax­di­nes ra xe­li­suf­le­bis uzur­pa­cia, So­vi­niz­miT gan­m­s­W­va­lul­ma af­xaz­ma ka­non­m­deb­leb­ma 1992 wlis 24 iv­liss mi­i­Res ga­daw­y­ve­ti­le­ba, rom­lis Ta­nax­mad wyde­bo­da af­xa­ze­Tis assr 1978 wlis kon­s­ti­tu­ci­is moq­me­de­ba da aRad­gi­nes 1925 wlis af­xa­ze­Tis sab­Wo­Ta so­ci­a­lis­tu­ri res­pub­li­kis kon­s­ti­tu­cia ma­Sin, ro­de­sac 1925 wels ara­vi­Ta­ri am­g­va­ri sa­ka­non­m­deb­lo aq­ti ar mi­Re­bu­la. im dros ar­se­bob­da mxo­lod ase­Ti do­ku­men­tis pro­eq­ti. ugu­le­bel­y­ves ele­men­ta­ru­li kon­s­ti­tu­ci­u­ri prin­ci­pi, rom­lis Se­sa­ba­mi­sad am­g­va­ri ga­daw­y­ve­ti­le­bis mi­Re­bas de­pu­tat­Ta xme­bis ori me­sa­me­di sWir­de­bo­da.

sa­qar­T­ve­los sa­xel­m­wi­fo xe­li­suf­le­bis umaR­le­si or­ga­no­e­bi, er­Ti­a­ni sa­ka­non­m­deb­lo uz­run­vel­yo­fis or­ga­ni­ze­bis miz­niT, Se­sa­ba­mi­sad auq­meb­d­nen, aCe­reb­d­nen an iu­ri­di­u­li Za­lis ar­m­qo­ned ac­xa­deb­d­nen am­g­var an­ti­hu­ma­nur, an­ti­de­mok­ra­ti­ul aq­tebs, ro­mel­Ta mi­za­ni iyo apar­te­i­dis ofi­ci­a­lu­ri da­ka­no­ne­ba, af­xaz­Ta ba­to­no­ba res­pub­li­ka­Si mcxov­reb sxva ereb­ze.

faq­tob­ri­vad af­xaz po­li­ti­kur li­der­Ta am­g­va­ri sa­ka­non­m­deb­lo saq­mi­a­no­biT Ca­de­ni­lia da­na­Sa­u­li mSvi­do­bi­sa da ka­cob­ri­o­bis wi­na­aR­m­deg apar­te­i­dis sa­xiT, rac ga­ni­xi­le­ba ra­siz­mis uki­du­res for­mad da 1974 wlis Se­sa­ba­mi­si kon­ven­ci­is me-2 mux­lis Ta­nax­mad niS­navs iseT po­li­ti­kas da praq­ti­kas, maT So­ris sa­ka­non­m­deb­lo xa­si­a­Tis zo­mebs, ro­mel­Ta mi­za­nia er­Ti ro­me­li­me jgu­fis ada­mi­an­Ta sxva jguf­ze ba­to­no­bis dam­ya­re­ba da Se­nar­Cu­ne­ba.

af­xa­ze­Tis assr umaR­le­si sab­Wos po­li­ti­kos­Ta eq­s­t­re­mis­tu­li daj­gu­fe­bis uka­no­no, an­ti­kon­s­ti­tu­ci­u­ri moq­me­de­ba, maT So­ris TviT af­xa­ze­Tis kon­s­ti­tu­ci­is xel­yo­fa, ada­mi­a­nis sa­yo­vel­Ta­od aRi­a­re­bul uf­le­ba­Ta uxe­Si dar­R­ve­va, pla­ne­tis mas­S­ta­biT up­re­ce­den­to ra­sob­ri­vi dis­k­ri­mi­na­cia da apar­te­i­dis po­li­ti­ka ar Se­iZ­le­ba dar­Ces mwva­ve re­a­gi­re­bi­sa da sa­mar­T­leb­ri­vi Se­fa­se­bis ga­re­Se ro­gorc sa­qar­T­ve­los xe­li­suf­le­bis, ase­ve msof­lio Ta­na­me­gob­ro­bis mxri­dan.

sa­qar­T­ve­los par­la­men­ti ad­gens:

1. sa­er­Ta­So­ri­so sa­mar­T­lis im­pe­ra­ti­u­li prin­ci­pe­bi­sa da “sa­xel­m­wi­fo xe­li­suf­le­bis Se­sa­xeb~ sa­qar­T­ve­los res­pub­li­kis ka­no­nis me-6 mux­lis me-4 pun­q­tis, ag­reT­ve me-7 mux­lis bo­lo ab­za­cis Se­sa­ba­mi­sad ga­uq­m­des af­xa­ze­Tis assr 1991 wlis 9 iv­li­sis ka­no­ni “af­xa­ze­Tis assr umaR­le­si sab­Wos de­pu­tat­Ta ar­Cev­ne­bis Se­sa­xeb~ (1991 wlis 27 ag­vis­tos cvli­le­be­biT).

2. daT­xov­nil iq­nes aR­niS­nu­li ka­no­nis sa­fuZ­vel­ze ar­Ce­u­li af­xa­ze­Tis assr umaR­le­si sab­Wo.

3. af­xa­ze­Tis assr umaR­le­si sab­Wos wev­rebs mo­ex­s­naT sa­de­pu­ta­to imu­ni­te­ti.

4. da­e­va­los sa­qar­T­ve­los res­pub­li­kis pro­ku­ra­tu­ras sis­x­lis sa­mar­T­lis pa­su­xis­ge­ba­Si mis­ces af­xa­ze­Tis assr umaR­le­si sab­Wos is yo­fi­li de­pu­ta­te­bi, rom­leb­mac Ca­i­di­nes da­na­Sa­u­li mSvi­do­bi­sa da ka­cob­ri­o­bis wi­na­aR­m­deg.

5. af­xa­ze­Tis mi­nis­t­r­Ta sab­Wos mi­e­ni­Wos dro­e­biT eva­ku­i­re­bu­li or­ga­nos sta­tu­si; Se­sa­ba­mi­si sa­ka­non­m­deb­lo aq­te­bis mi­Re­bi­sa da af­xa­ze­Tis av­to­no­mi­ur res­pub­li­ka­Si axa­li ar­Cev­ne­­bis Ca­ta­re­bam­de man ga­na­xor­ci­e­los af­xa­ze­Tis sa­xel­m­wi­fo xe­li­suf­le­bis umaR­le­si or­ga­nos fun­q­ci­e­bi.

6. iu­ri­di­u­li Za­lis ar­m­qo­nea yve­la sa­ka­non­m­deb­lo Tu ka­non­q­vem­de­ba­re aq­ti, rom­le­bic ewi­­na­aR­m­de­ge­ba sa­qar­T­ve­los res­pub­li­kis ka­non­m­deb­lo­bas da mi­Re­bu­lia se­pa­ra­tis­t­Ta daj­gu­fe­bis kon­t­rols daq­vem­de­ba­re­bu­li an maT­Tan ali­an­s­Si myo­fi struq­tu­re­bis mi­er.

7. ba­Ti­lia yve­la ga­daw­y­ve­ti­le­ba, ag­reT­ve sa­mo­qa­la­qo-sa­mar­T­leb­ri­vi ga­ri­ge­ba, rom­le­bic ar­R­ve­­ven mo­qa­la­qis, iu­ri­di­u­li pi­ris, sa­xel­m­wi­fos sa­kuT­re­bis da sar­geb­lo­bis uf­le­bas af­­xa­ze­Tis te­ri­to­ri­a­ze.

8. pi­re­bi, rom­le­bic uka­no­nod Se­mo­vid­nen af­xa­ze­Tis te­ri­to­ri­a­ze, Ca­e­wer­nen, da­e­pat­ro­nen sac­xov­re­bel farTs, mi­wis nak­veTs, sxva ma­te­ri­a­lur fa­se­u­lo­bas, ari­an uka­no­no mig­ran­te­bi da sa­qar­T­ve­los moq­me­di ka­non­m­deb­lo­bis Se­sa­ba­mi­sad res­pub­li­ki­dan ne­ba­yof­lo­biT ga­us­v­le­­lo­bis Sem­T­x­ve­va­Si ga­Ze­ve­bu­li iq­ne­bi­an.

9. uc­xo­e­le­bi, rom­le­bic sa­qar­T­ve­los wi­na­aR­m­deg mo­na­wi­le­o­ben sab­r­Zo­lo moq­me­de­beb­Si, ro­gorc mSvi­do­bi­sa da ada­mi­a­nis wi­na­aR­m­deg mi­mar­Tu­li sam­xed­ro da­na­Sa­u­lis su­bi­eq­te­bi, pa­suxs age­ben sis­x­lis sa­mar­T­lis ka­no­nis mTe­li sim­kac­riT.

sa­er­Ta­So­ri­so sa­mar­T­lis Ta­nax­mad am pi­reb­ze ar gav­r­cel­de­ba xan­daz­mu­lo­bi­sa da Tav­Se­­saf­ris mi­­ni­We­bis uf­le­ba da ro­mel qve­ya­na­Sic un­da im­yo­fe­bod­nen, isi­ni gad­mo­e­ce­mi­an sa­qar­­T­ve­los xe­li­suf­le­bas da­sas­je­lad.

10. sa­qar­T­ve­los par­la­men­ti res­pub­li­kis te­ri­to­ri­u­li mTli­a­no­bis da po­li­ti­ku­ri su­ve­re­ni­te­tis dar­R­ve­vad, qvey­nis Si­na­ur saq­me­eb­Si uxeS Ca­re­vad mi­iC­nevs ne­bis­mi­er fi­nan­sur Tu ma­te­ri­a­lur-teq­ni­kur dax­ma­re­bas af­xa­zi se­pa­ra­tis­te­bi­saT­vis da ar kis­ru­lobs ara­vi­Tar pa­su­xis­m­geb­lo­bas war­mo­So­bil val­de­bu­le­beb­ze.

11. eT­xo­vos ga­er­Ti­a­ne­bu­li ere­bis or­ga­ni­za­ci­as af­xa­ze­Tis re­gi­on­Si ge­no­ci­dis ma­sob­ri­vi faq­te­bis ad­gil­ze Ses­wav­li­sa da sa­er­Ta­So­ri­so tri­bu­na­li­saT­vis ma­sa­le­bis mo­sam­za­deb­lad sa­qar­T­ve­lo­Si mo­av­li­nos war­mo­mad­gen­le­bi.

sa­qar­T­ve­los par­la­men­tis spi­ke­ris mo­ad­gi­le vax­tang rCe­u­liS­vi­li.

1994 wlis 10 mar­ti.

(sa­qar­T­ve­los par­la­men­tis uw­ye­be­bi, 1994, # 16, gv. 24-29)